Compare and contrast Free Essays

Allan-Goodwill Compare and contrast (using practical example) the following philosophies of marketing: (a) The product philosophy versus the selling philosophy Product Philosophy Selling Philosophy -assumes consumers will buy product that has best quality or most features -assumes any product can sell by use of marketing techniques such as advertising and personal selling ( use of sales men) therefore there is product branding – therefore there is mass production assumes product uniqueness will sell units produced – need of pushing high sales volume at the shortest turn-around time possible – there is a breaking out price which will be adjusted as market dictates – therefore need to lower selling price – since no costs are spared In creating uniqueness, product can be expensive – also resulting In cheap quality products company then concentrates on extensively promoting product attributes company then concentrates on aggressively selling prod uct -focuses on profit making not consumer satisfaction – focuses on profit making not consumer satisfaction usually product is unique that the consumer has little choice or no alternative – usually the consumer is bombarded with so much choice Though the product philosophy concentrates on product attribute selling and the selling philosophy concentrates on volume sales, however both concepts † focus Is Internally directed towards the capabilities of the organization and not on the external market requirements of the customers’ needs, desires and wants,† Stardom teal (2011) their life line is their capability, which ever way they manipulate it. In the product philosophy an organization is capable of producing goods or services and in the ailing philosophy, an organization is capable of selling goods or services. These capabilities are their strengths hence they become so focused on them that they end up thinking they know what is best for the custome r. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and contrast or any similar topic only for you Order Now The selling philosophy requires that there be aggressive selling of the product. There is the deployment of sales people to convince consumers why they should buy this product. Sales promotions are made by tactfully reducing prices to lure customers, for example the â€Å"buy 2 get 1 In a product-oriented market, a company can sell its own product by branding it then giving it attributes which will make it unique. Making a product unique requires that research and resources be spent on branding it, hence producing becomes expensive. Apple company has gone a step further in branding their products ‘pad, ‘pod, ‘phone, for example. That uniqueness has sold. In a selling-oriented market meeting demand of unattainable goods by providing imitations can sell. The Chinese have mass produced imitations of designer goods, and the market has received these very well. What about in an environment where there is oversupply of cheap goods? The turn around time is determined by volume of sales hence marketing has to be aggressive. How ever in both philosophies lots of money is spent on adverting trying to convince the customer to buy their product. Whereas in a product oriented market, the breaking out price can be expensive, in a selling oriented market the price has to be low so as to clinch a big share of the market Both concepts however do not address the needs of the consumer. â€Å"Product orientation is Justified either where demand far exceeds supply of a product which justifies concentrating effort on increasing production or where cost of product is high, warranting the pursuit of productivity to secure lower price and an expanding arrest†¦ Toddle (1993) Marketing Philosophy Relationship Marketing Philosophy – assumes people have needs therefore will produce to satisfy those needs – assumes that satisfying consumer needs is not enough, therefore will go a step further by building relationships with the customer -focuses on identifying customer needs and wants before and during manufacturing a product – focuses on creating and maintaining long standing relationship with customer -during marketing, the company gets feedback from the customers about their product – during the relationship cycle, the firm will get to know the needs and wants of the customer – customer needs are incorporated into product design or upgrade – customer service is personalized or tailor made to suit customer -customer gets satisfaction from -customer gets service satisfaction through the relationship -concentrates on producing to satisfying the customer -concentrates on winning or maintaining customer lo yalty -maintains customer loyalty through product upgrading -maintains customer loyalty through trust and communication Focuses on satisfying consumer needs to make a profit Focuses on maintaining business relationships to make a profit Both philosophies are customer orientated but use different approaches. Berry (1994) defined relationship marketing as â€Å"attracting, maintaining and in multi-service organizations, as enhancing customer relationships† A loyal customer gets rewarded. As compared to a once off customer, the longstanding customer gets the best service and first preference. Goods or services get to be personalized or tailor made for this customer. Through this longstanding relationship the company gets to know what the customer needs. Customer’s satisfaction is the key to organization’s success. If customer needs and wants are incorporated into producing a service or good then sales and profits are likely to be met This kind of philosophy is found mostly in companies that provide services, for example banks, hotels, in tourism and travel. However in both these philosophies, customers’ needs and wants can easily be overlooked as the company enjoys profits. The company slackens and takes customers for granted restraining them instead of retaining them. References: Berry,L. L. (1994). Relationship Marketing: Journal of Relationship Marketing. American Marketing Association’s Services Marketing Kettle, P (1967). Marketing Management: analysis, planning, and control. Prentice Hall Astronomy. W. , Du Plisses,P. J. , Joist,C. J. (2011). Marketing Management. Just Toddle,R. S. (1993). The Rise And Fall of Mass Marketing. Rutledge. CONNECT ZANZIBAR : WHY WE ARE MAKING MONEY http www. Misremembered. Co. UK/2012/06/connect-Zanzibar-why-we-are- ma king- money. HTML How to cite Compare and contrast, Papers Compare and Contrast Free Essays Jamar Jenkins Comp 1-003 K. Bennett 10 Nov. 2012 Compare and Contrast Clothing has many different styles and sizes, but it is also alike in many ways. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast or any similar topic only for you Order Now For one, clothing is needed by everyone. Clothing has evolved a lot since if first became used. A difference would be that not everyone wears the same type of clothing. For instance, American Eagle and Hollister are two types of clothing brands which have many similarities and differences. First of all, American Eagle has some things that Hollister dose not. The clothing is much cheaper in American Eagle than in Hollister. With cheaper clothing, they draw in more customers, which gives them an opportunity to make sales. They also carry a few more colors than Hollister does. For instance, American Eagle sells black, but Hollister does not instead they have navy blue. With them having a wider variety of clothing colors, they are allowed to fit the needs of more customers. Another good thing about American Eagle is the music, it is upbeat and not so loud like Hollister. This is good because when older people come in they will not get a headache, like they would in Hollister. This in turn would make people stay longer and do more shopping. Another good thing is the lighting in the store. The lights are bright which allows people to see the clothing much better. This will lower the return rate because they will be able to see the item well, and will not get home and realize it is the wrong color or something. One last quality is they have bigger sizes in clothing. This also allows them to help many people including the people that Hollister can not, because they do not have many sizes. The sizes are one of the biggest reasons they get a lot of customers. A con about American Eagle is that the clothing they sell is very thin. Them having thin clothing does not make American Eagle a good choice for winter clothing, unlike Hollister. That is why during the winter Hollister gets a lot more customers. American also does not have a lot of different styles. Most of their clothing is alike; there really is not a big difference in the way they look. On the other hand Hollister has many different types of clothing. Hollister has many things that American Eagle does not. Unlike American Eagle, Hollister has many different types of clothing. The clothing in Hollister ranges from cardigans to sandals. A lot of people go to Hollister for clothes that are nice, but at the same time really comfortable. Most of the people that come in already know what they want. Hollister also has much better customer service than American Eagle does. The workers at Hollister are very helpful and friendly. Another pro is that the clothing is very thick in Hollister, way thicker than American Eagle. The thick clothing makes Hollister a very good place to buy winter clothing. One of the cons about Hollister is the high prices. Although they have way better clothing, Hollister’s prices almost double some of American Eagles prices. This can be a big con, because the prices are what most customers look at. Another bad thing about Hollister is that the store is quite dark. With the store being so dark the customers can not really see all of the items that the store has to offer. People tend to ask where things are a lot, more than they would in another store. Many people also return things a lot, because they did not see it well with the dark lights in the store. One of the most complained about things in Hollister is the extremely loud music. The music in Hollister is so loud; people can hear it no matter where they are in the mall. With the music being so loud a lot of the costumers do not stay long. American Eagle and Hollister may have a lot of differences, but they do have some things in common. The biggest thing that they have in common is that they are both very successful brands. These two brands are expanding more and more every day. They both remain at the top of today’s fashion among teens and young adults. Both stores are well known around the U. S. as well as other countries. Another thing that these two stores have in common is the locations. Hollister and American Eagle are in nearly every mall in the U. S. Another one of the qualities the two stores share is comfort. These two stores have built their names off comfort, and it keeps the customers coming back. Although both stores have their pros and cons, they are very popular brands. Hollister and American Eagle we be around for a long time to come. They both have come a long way since they originated, and are both very successful. Even though these stores have their differences, they share some strong qualities and are great stores. How to cite Compare and Contrast, Papers Compare and Contrast Free Essays â€Å"After Midnight† vs. â€Å"Summer Night† The poems â€Å"After Midnight†, by Louis Simpson, and â€Å"Summer Night†, by Antonio Machado, both had their differences and similarities. First of all, both the poems have a visual image of dark elements. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, the poem uses imagery for dark houses. â€Å"Who lives in these dark houses? † (Simpson 9). This quote shows that the poem uses imagery for dark houses, which differentiates from the poem â€Å"Summer Night†. This poem uses imagery for black shadows. â€Å"Stone benches, burning bush, and acacias / trace their black shadows / symmetrically on the white sand. (Machado 6-8). This quote uses imagery by using the words â€Å"black shadow†. These two words refer to a type of darkness. Both poems use imagery for dark elements, but both the poems use the dark element with different words. Secondly, both the poems include a type of lonely feeling; however, they both differentiate in their own way because of the choice of words used by the authors. The poem â€Å"Summer Night† uses different wording to imply the loneliness. â€Å"I walk through this ancient village, / alone, like a ghost. † (Machado 11-12). In this quote from the poem, the word that intends a lonely feeling is â€Å"alone†. This word is used along with a simile, comparing loneliness like a ghost, which distinguishes from the poem â€Å"After Midnight†. In this poem, the choice of wording is different. â€Å"I am suddenly aware / I might live here myself. † (Simpson 8-9). This quote uses the word â€Å"myself† to infer a lonely feeling. In this case, the loneliness is not compared to anything like the other poem. Both poems however have a lonely feeling, but both differentiate due to a choice of words. Lastly, when comparing the two, both poems are using the poetic device, simile. In the poem â€Å"After Midnight†, the quote â€Å"With only a drugstore glowing / Softly, like a sleeping body†, (Simpson 2-3) shows that the simile used is referring to the drugstore’s glow, which is being compared to a sleeping body. The poem â€Å"Summer Night uses simile in the quote â€Å"I walk through this ancient village, / alone, like a ghost. † (Machado 11-12). This quote is referring to the narrator’s loneliness. The simile is used to compare the loneliness to a ghost. Both quotes however are using the poetic device, simile. The two poems â€Å"After Midnight† and â€Å"Summer Night† are both very interesting poems that include different elements, making each poem unique; however, both poems have their similarities and differences; both poems use imagery for a dark element, but the dark element is different in both case; both poems include a lonely feeling at the same time both authors have worded their poems accordingly to their writing style; and both poems include a simile by comparing two things together using â€Å"like† or â€Å"as†. How to cite Compare and Contrast, Essay examples Compare and Contrast Free Essays Annotated list of resources: * Berg, Insoo Kim, â€Å"What is Solution Focused Brief Therapy† http://www. sfbta. org/ Explanations from the developer of the concept * Cherry, Kendra, â€Å"What is Positive Psychology† http://psychology. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast or any similar topic only for you Order Now about. com History of Positive Psychology uses and guidelines * Trepper, Terry S. â€Å"Solution Focused Therapy Treatment Manual â€Å" http://www. solutionfocused. net/treatmentmanual. html Treatment Manual Compare and Contrast The key focus of positive psychology is, â€Å"to make normal life more fulfilling† rather than just treating a mental illness (Scott 2012, 1). Positive Psychologist does not deny things cannot go wrong but how things go well by taking on a more positive approach. Positive Psychologist break down the topics into four categories’: â€Å"(1) positive experiences, (2) enduring psychological traits, (3) positive relationships, and (4) positive institutions† (Peterson 2009, 2). With these four topics in mind researchers try to analyze into these states of pleasure, values, strengths, virtues, talents, and how these are useful to see a more positive spin on a persons life. Solution-Focused Therapy gives counselor’s the best question to ask, â€Å"What maintains the problem† (Kollar 2011, 41). Sometimes an individual is stuck in the past by earlier perceptions. If we self-label we are basically stuck in the past unable to go forward. Solution-Focused therapy creates just that â€Å"solutions. † Using a biblical solution, â€Å"(1) God has given us the ability to create solutions, (2) The solutions can be described and clarified, (3) more than one outcome to counseling can be created, (4) the counselor and the counselee can do the creating and clarifying together, (5) we create solutions as a joint effort with God’s preparation; and (6) this process can be taught† (Kollar 2011, 41). By using this method you create three things deliberately, â€Å"you find out what the need is, seek out what God has already placed and what works, and making changes with new ideas where old ones have failed† (Kollar 2011, 42). A big part of Solution-Focused therapy and Positive Psychology is to help a client feel better about the problem and through scripture seek answers toward peace and solutions. Solution-focused therapy â€Å"encourages positive change,† as does positive psychology (Kollar 2011, 48). A strength that I ee in Positive Psychology is not only how it can help individuals but also organizations to see their strengths, and how to use them to maintain their respective levels of well-being. On the negative side of Positive Psychology a person asking him or her consistently am I happy can have a negative effect if he or she have no context to associate it with. Rationale Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) focuses on the preferred outcome of counseling a s a solution rather than focusing on the symptoms or issues that brought someone to counseling. This counseling only gives attention to the present and the future desires of the counselee, rather than focusing on the experiences. The counselor encourages the counselee to imagine his or her future as he or she want it to be and the counselor and counselee work together on a series of steps to attain that goal. The ultimate goal of a counselor using Solution-Focused Brief Therapy is to be Christ centered, and biblically based in the name of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Assumptions 1. Solutions are cocreated. â€Å"As counselors our task is to cocreate with the counselee a reality in which there is an opportunity for positive change† (Kollar 2011, 86). 2. The Counselee is not the Problem; the problem is. â€Å"It is more helpful to consider what gets in the way of finding or noticing solutions than what causes the problem† (Kollar 2011, 86). 3. The counselee is the expert and defines goals. When we acknowledge the counselee as the expert, we are recognizing that there is a resourcefulness that proceeds from their own personal history and grace events† (Kollar 2011, 85). References Kollar, Charles A. Solution-Focused Pastoral Counseling. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2011. Peterson, C. â€Å"Reclaiming Children and Youth. † Positive Psychology Vol. 18, Issue 2, 2009: 3-7. Scott, Elizabeth. Positive Psychology-Using Positive PSychology for stress Management. January 02, 2012. How to cite Compare and Contrast, Papers Compare and Contrast Free Essays Haley Pannell C. Smith- Instructor English 101 16 October 2012 Compare and Contrast Economy in 1980’s vs. Economy Today The economy in the 1980’s was very different than the economy today in dealing with matters as such as the government budget, the unemployment rate, and the tax structure. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast or any similar topic only for you Order Now The government could spend a lot more on education, roadwork, transportation, and to increase job opportunities. The unemployment rate was also lower in the 1980’s than today. They can reduce the unemployment rate by decreasing government spending. The tax structure is not as stable today either as it was. They did not cut as much taxes out of employees’ income; they did not set the tax as high on products, and did not have property tax. The government did not have such a tight budget as they do now. A government budget is a blueprint to rebuilding the economy where hard work pays off and responsibility is rewarded (The President’s Budget). â€Å"The President’s 2013 budget is built around the idea that our country does best when everyone gets a fair shot, does the fair share, and plays the same rules† (The President’s Budget). The United States is in such a budget that we are borrowing from others and having to cut our government spending. If we did not have a budget like this we would be able to afford more education. The more education that can be paid for by the government, the more job opportunities there is. â€Å"The unemployment rate can be defined as the number of people actively looking for a job divided by the labor force† (United States Unemployment Rate) The unemployment rate actually decreased and employment rose by 873,000 in September 2012 (United States Unemployment Rate)The government is able to open more jobs for the unemployed. The more people that has jobs the more stable their family will be. The families will be able to spend more on products and the government will get taxes off of it. It all ties in to make the economy better. The economy is carrying the heaviest tax burden in out nation’s history (Leone). The taxes strengthen the economy by cutting them and created new jobs (Leone). During the 1980s the United States was nearly the lowest taxed nation in the world (Moore). The tax rates on goods have increased dramatically since the 1980s. The government is cutting more and more taxes out of people’s checks. This decreases the income of families and tends to decrease the spending on government products. In fact, the government is increases all taxes including property taxes. However, taxes have gone up significantly since the 1980s (Moore). In contrast, the economy is in worse condition today than it was in the 1980s. The government could spend more money on education, roads, jobs, or anything that needed to improve. There were more jobs open in the 1980s and the income for families was much better and the government spending was increased. The taxes have increased since the 1980s due to the economy and the government. Furthermore, the government budget has decreased dramatically, as well as the employment rate. As one can see the downturn of the economy is a direct result from a poorly conceived budget and excessive spending. How to cite Compare and Contrast, Essay examples Compare and Contrast Free Essays Joey Carnes Robert Arendal are two of the most influential leaders in the air cargo industry in the world. Joey Carnes lead BAX Global- one of the largest air cargo service providers in US whereas Arendal is leading Cool Chain Association- a non- profit organization to develop standards for the perishable transport. Arendal is considered as the veteran of the air cargo industry whereas Joey Carnes is leading a company which aims to be among the top five companies in whatever business, they are in. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast or any similar topic only for you Order Now The basic difference between the two leaders is the fact that Arendal is considered as one of the legends of the industry who not only participated in setting up the industry wise industry but also one of the founding members of the Cargolux Airlines whereas Joey Carnes is still considered as a leader, who is making efforts to emerge as a leader who is heading an air cargo company successfully in a post 9/11 era. Domestic Air Cargo Market A domestic air cargo market in US is considered as a stagnant sector with very little growth witnessed on year-on – year basis. During 2007, the overall revenue in the industry increased just by 1% only suggesting a very floundering performance by the industry as a whole. Other indicators such as traffic volume further indicate that the industry is not performing well. The major reasons cited by the industry experts include high fuel prices which not only increased in the past but also fluctuated at great length which probably has increased the overall risk profile of the air cargo industry. Further, US economy is weakening especially since early 2007 as companies, due to credit crunch, are mostly interested into managing costs in order to be more competitive. Due to this factor, there is a general shift towards preferring trucks as in comparison to air cargo for shipping purposes. (Keeling). This is also because of the fact that organizations, out of their innovative approaches, have designed such sophisticated supply chain management systems which put less reliance on independent air cargo services providers. Further, smaller less than truck load types of shipping companies have taken over the market by creating more fragmentation into the market therefore increasing the overall competition into the market. This situation suggests that in order to revive the domestic air cargo market, some fundamental changes are required in order to make strategic changes into the industry. Railway Express Agency and General Air Express Railway express agency was one of the earliest organizations responsible for cargo services in the country. It was considered as the most preferred cargo company in the country because of its reach and control over the railroads in the country. RAE also considered being the carrier which almost moved everything from simple fruits to radioactive materials for Atomic Energy Commission of the country. Though it was largely a rail agency. However, its role in developing the air cargo industry can is one of the legendary as it arranged to conduct trials on air cargo during in November 1919. (Allaz). RAE also was pioneering in creating a business model where the strengths of land cargo service providers to be utilized for air cargo business. General Air Express was formed by different airliners and organizations in order to capture the market for the air cargo. Though both the companies operated independently however, due to low margins offered both the companies merged and operated as one company. RAE and General Air Express are considered as pioneers in developing the air cargo market because they were the earliest firms to offer such services and developed business models and assets which subsequently became industry standards. Works Cited 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Allaz, Camille. The History of Air Cargo and Airmail from the 18th Century. New York: Google Consultant, 2005. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Keeling, Julian A. â€Å"Domestic air freight: ‘Back to the future’?† 18 August 2003. http://www.allbusiness.com. 27 January 2009 http://www.allbusiness.com/transportation/road-transportation-trucking-trucking/11435605-1.html. How to cite Compare and Contrast, Papers Compare and Contrast Free Essays Nowadays, staying in hostel is the best way for foreigners to travel and do their some important things in Sydney, Australia because of its attractive cost and convenience. However, the hostel in Sydney has different cost and room, which should be considered before coming. This research report surveys three hostels in Sydney, Australia, namely the Nomads Westend Backpackers (NWB), Wake Up Hostel (WUH), Tokyo Village Hostel (TVH). We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast or any similar topic only for you Order Now It also compares and contrasts them with respect to location and transport; rooms and facilities; cost. There are similarities and differences between the hostels in location and transport. Nomads Westend Backpackers, where is near the city center, is much convenient than the other two hostels. NWB is located in the middle town while both WUH and TVH are located in access city center. However, both three hostels differ the location, they are perfectly for discovering Sydney. The transport at all of them is easily to walk to the famous Opera House, all the harbor in Sydney. They are also next to the central station, town hall, China town and colleges, where can travel and work. The room options and the facilities of three hostels are slightly similar. All of them have the share rooms and the private rooms. Their share rooms have four, six and eight bed dorms whereas the private rooms suit for the couple or small family. There are some facilities that they all offer, such as air-conditioning, Internet, free city tour, lockers, tv room and lounger area. Beside that, both WUH and TVH have a restaurant and BBQ area. The cost of three hostels is different. While the WUH’s cost is highest price which ranges from $34 to $39, both NWB and TVH is slowest. It ranges from $30 to $33. The guest have to purchase extra for airport pick up, luggage room, towel, linen and breakfast in both NWB and WUH. In contrast, TVH’s cost includes all of it. In conclusion, all three hostels have attractive location and facilities. If the location is important, then NWB is the best choice to travel and work. In contrast, both WUH and TVH have the same location and many facilities than NWB. However, NWB is the most convenient. For these reasons, NWB attract and suit many foreigners. How to cite Compare and Contrast, Essay examples Compare and Contrast Free Essays Extreme Anxiety The most interesting short stories that caught my undivided attention were: â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, and â€Å"Jealous Husband Returns in Form of Parrot† by Robert Olen Butler. These stories were both fascinating and intriguing in the sense that they made me feel like if I was the actual character. You could feel the pain and anguish the characters felt, even the desperation. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast or any similar topic only for you Order Now It got to a point that I felt pity for the protagonist whom in both stories where narrating. Here we can see how someone can feel so desperate that they think the only way out is by taking their lives. Both Charlotte Perkins Gilman and Robert Olen Butler created an incredible form of fiction that makes you question if the scenes in the stories can truly happen in reality. The Yellow Wallpaper and Jealous Husband Returns in Form of Parrot have many similarities like they both are exquisite forms of fiction that only is true in our imaginations. Even though these stories are so alike, they maintain their styles of writing with unique and memorable details. Gilman’s style is a more frightful â€Å"The front pattern does move-and no wonder! The woman behind it shakes it! (Gilman 729). â€Å"And she is all the time trying to climb through the pattern- it strangles so, I think that is why it has so many heads. They get through, and then the pattern strangles them off and turns them upside down and makes their eyes white! † (Gilman 729). This passage makes my hair rise and to only imagine that the main character cannot leave, she has to stay there seeing the walls come to l ife night after night. In Jealous Husband Returns in Form of Parrot Butler creates a world of wonder; the main character dies and comes back in form of a parrot. We as humans only wonder what happens after death and Butler tells us what he thinks, reincarnation. This person’s particular reincarnation was torturous, being that he becomes a bird and goes home with his wife and the wife has many different lovers Butler writes â€Å"I watch the men go in and I hear the sounds but I can’t quite see. And they drive me crazy† (Butler768). If I was this bird, having all my memories intact, I too wouldn’t be able to stand the noise. Even though both stories have their own theme, they both convey a sense of sorrow that makes you want to jump into the story and help them but suddenly you too are helpless. A similarity that both stories have is that in each story both husbands are clearly in love with their wife. In The Yellow Wallpaper the husband states: â€Å"He would go down to the cellar, if I wished, and have it whitewashed into the bargain. †(Gilman731) In this passage you can see that he would do anything she wished, but all he wanted was for her to get better for him and their child. While the Husband Returns in Form of Parrot the husband, whom is the parrot, has a more subtle way to describe his love: â€Å"I can’t believe how beautiful she is. Those great brown eyes, almost as dark as the center of mine. And her nose – I don’t remember her for her nose but its beauty is clear to me now. †(Butler766) He describes her beauty in such a way that you can see how mesmerized he is of her, and how he wished he could be with her. These stories both convey an undying love that the husbands have for their wife, even one wife is hysterical and the other doesn’t even know he exist. Another similarity that these stories showed the reader is the need to be heard. The main characters both had the need to express their emotion and feelings. In â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† she wasn’t able to express her feelings and emotion due to her sickness. She had a way to express them which was by writing, but not even that she was allowed to do. Her isolation secluded her from the world. Her only way was a piece of paper and a pen. In comparison with Butler story, we see how he tries to express his feelings through a single word. â€Å"â€Å"Hello,† I say again. Please listen to this tiny heart that beats fast at all times for you. †(Butler770) This was him trying to deliberate his feelings with one single word, hello. This two characters’ need for manifestation of their feelings led them to anxiety and later, death. The thing that most impacted me in both the stories was the ending of each, both protagonist chose to end their life. Charlotte Perkins Gilman created a whimsical ending that would scare most readers. I personally had to read the final page a few times in order to assimilate what happened. After you are done with the story you tie down some clues that the protagonist gave throughout the story leading up to her death. â€Å"There is a recurrent spot where the pattern lolls like a broken neck and two bulbous eyes stare at you upside down† (Gilman732). This is the first passage that she admits seeing the figures strangled. When you continue reading you see this: â€Å"They get through, and then the pattern strangles them off and turns them upside down and makes their eyes white. †(Gilman 738) This reminds me off when watching a movie where someone is at the psychiatrist and they show them ink on blank paper, whatever the patient sees is what actually they are feeling. I think that she was planning on strangling herself from the beginning; she even had rope in her room at the end of the story. Robert Olen Butler makes his ending a sadder one; at least he got me in a melancholic mood after I read it. â€Å"I look at the sky the color of the brow of a blue-front Amazon. A shadow of birds spanks across the lawn. And I spread my wings. I will fly now. Even though I know there is something between me and that place where I can be free of all these feelings, I will fly. I will throw myself there again and again. †(Butler 770) He was so sad, without an ounce of hope that he rather died that continue feeling what he felt. While reading these short stories I felt an enormous surge of emotions, which I think should always be present when reading fiction. I tend to choose happier endings but in these stories I believe Gilman and Butler created perfect endings for their stories. I felt the desperation the characters had, so I could understand their reasoning in taking their life. Don’t get me wrong I do not accept their choices as the right ones, but I do understand why they came to those conclusions. Work cited 1. Gilman, Charlotte. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†. Literature: The Human experience. Shorter 9th edition, Ab Carian, Richard and Marvin Clotz, eds. Boston Bedford,2007. page range729-740. Print. 2. Butler, Robert. â€Å"Jealous husband Returns in Form of a Parrot†. The Human experience. Shorter 9th edition, Ab Carian, Richard and Marvin Clotz, eds. Boston Bedford, 2007. page range 766-770. Print How to cite Compare and Contrast, Essay examples Compare and Contrast Free Essays Intro: Although the big empires, Europe and Japan were really successful feudalist empires and both had some similarities and differences during the 9th to 13th century, which made them unique empires in the world. Both of the empires have a similar concept of elite warriors, different treatment of women during the post-classical era, and a similar political structure of a hereditary caste system, which were the main reasons they became successful empires. Body Paragraph#1: Both the Europeans and the Japanese had successful warriors that helped them succeed. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast or any similar topic only for you Order Now In both feudal Japan and Europe, constant warfare made warriors the most important class. Called the â€Å"Knights† in Europe and â€Å"Samurai† in Japan, the warriors served their local lords. In both cases, Knight and Samurais were bound by a code of ethics. Knights were supposed to agree to the concept of Chivalry, while the Samurai were bound by the Bushido, or â€Å"The way of the warrior. † Both Knight and Samurai rode horses into battles, used swords, and wore armor. The European armor, which was worn by the knights, was usually all metal, made of chain, or plate metal. Japanese armor was made out of leather, silk and metal plates. European Knights were limited to less movement due to their armors; for example, they needed help to get on their horses. Samurai, in contrast, went with lightweight armor that allowed them quickness and freedom to do more activities than the Knights, but the Samurai had much less protection than European knights. Both had advantages and disadvantages that would make them a powerful force against other civilizations in combat. Body paragraph#2: European and Japanese feudalism differed in the way they treated their women. In Europe, women were responsible for certain activities and were also treated with respect, while in Japan, they were entirely serving men. The European women were expected to stay home and be trained in household chores, such as farming or sewing, and they didn’t have an option to chose who they want to marry. On the other hand, the Japanese women held a more equal status as Japanese men. For example, the Japanese women were allowed to inherit part of their family’s estate and some women even became Samurais. The use of a feudal system in Japan affected their women by becoming more equal, while in Europe, they were only valued for their work and what they did. Women enjoyed a higher role and status in Japan at the time, due to the feudal system. Body paragraph#3: European and Japanese feudalism was similar in that they had a parallel political structure of a hereditary caste system. The Japanese classes were the shogun, similar to a king in Europe, who held all the power in the empire. The daimyo (Samurai), who owned the land, were similar to the lords and nobles in Europe, who divided their land to the lesser Samurais (vassals), and the same to the peasants, artisans, farmers, and merchants, who were similar to the serfs in Europe. In both Japan and Europe, the hierarchy was held together as a land-for-loyalty exchange. The land owned by the vassals were called fiefs, and later developed into manors. Both Japanese and European feudalism was based on mutual obligations, but the Japanese problems of internal attacks led the use the feudal system for military purposes, while the Europeans foreign invasions began using a feudal system to protect and make their economy stronger. Conclusion: Both of the empires have a similar concept of elite warriors, different treatment of women during the post-classical era, and a similar political structure of a hereditary caste system, which were the main reasons they became successful empires. Europe and Japan were both powerful forces during the post-classical era due to their strong warrior class, which allowed domination in warfare against other countries. Overall, the feudal system helped both empires succeed during the postclassical period, 500-1450. How to cite Compare and Contrast, Papers Compare and Contrast Free Essays ompaCompare and Contrast Essay In this essay, I will be doing a compare and contrast between the two poems â€Å"The Mysterious Naked Man,† and â€Å"The Execution. † Both are written by Alden Nowlan. In the first paragraph I will be writing about two similarities between the two poems. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the second paragraph I will be writing about three differences between the two poems. First off, a similarity between â€Å"The Mysterious Naked Man,† and â€Å"The Execution,† is that both of the characters remain unnamed and un-described. Throughout the entire of both poems neither character is given a name or has any physical description about them. This gives both characters a mysterious sense around them. Another similarity would be that both of the characters are apparently criminals. In the â€Å"Mysterious Naked Man,† the man is being pursued for over a dozen accounts of indecent exposure. In â€Å"The Execution,† it is unknown what the man is on trial for, and even what he is on trial for. All you know is that he is hung. There are several differences in â€Å"The Execution,† and the â€Å"Mysterious Naked Man,† the primary of which being that the naked man is naked. Others include the fact that the â€Å"Mysterious Naked Man,† seems to be of more modern time as the police are present in the situation. In â€Å"The Execution,† it appears to be in a more medieval time seeing as hanging is still allowed. In modern times, lethal injection is now the preferred way of execution. Another difference would be that the man in â€Å"The Mysterious Man,† seems to be somewhat crazy as he is running around naked. Normally people don’t do those kind of things. This contrasts to â€Å"The Execution,† because the man seems really frightened and scared, not crazy. A fourth difference would be that the man in â€Å"The Execution,† seems really keen on to avoid death as he is yelling for anyone to recognize him and save him from his unwarranted execution. This is contrary to â€Å"The Mysterious Naked Man,† because towards the end; â€Å"†¦and wishes he could go to sleep, or die, or take to the air like Superman. This is hinting towards the fact that the naked man doesn’t really care about living or what happens to him. In conclusion, â€Å"The Execution,† and the â€Å"Mysterious Naked Man,† have many differences and similarities. Both are very unique, but they are also very similar. Both poems have no rhyme scheme or rhythm to them at all making them free verse poems. Despite the differences and similarities, â€Å"The Execution,† and â€Å"The Mysterious Naked Man,† are both very good poems written by a very good writer. How to cite Compare and Contrast, Essay examples Compare and Contrast Free Essays Compare and Contrast Essay By definition; love is a profoundly tender, passionate affection for another person. Love can be interrupted in many ways. Were we ever taught love or is it just a natural feeling towards a person? Some say you’ll know the  meaning  of  love  when you fall in  love, yet some don’t believe in  love  at all. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast or any similar topic only for you Order Now The sculpture â€Å"LOVE† created by Robert Indiana and the sculpture â€Å"The Kiss† made by Auguste Rodin both share some of the same meanings behind the art work (Indianapolis Museum of Art) (Rodin’s The Kiss Sculpture). A major similarity between the two is love; which attracts and speaks to people all around the world. Although they are spoken in different ways, they both have the idea of making love. Whether it be expressing it to a certain person or having and sharing love. The angles in the sculptures are similar in how each has negative space and are very open, and the angles have a different representation from every side (Peterson 10-8-12). You can notice something different on each side. The titles of each figure are comparable, showing affection involves a kiss and affection is usually viewing love. Both are presenting something that everyone understands and can relate to and that would be love. â€Å"LOVE† and â€Å"The Kiss† show many differences. â€Å"The Kiss† is showing more of a personal emotional love towards two people and viewing it in a more sexual way, it’s easier to find yourself somewhere in the piece, while â€Å"LOVE† is representing a general meaning; love is for everyone. â€Å"The Kiss† represents lust more than love, the hand placement and the rock platform shows that lust is elevated and present, where as â€Å"LOVE† is more a controlled thought. The two sculptures are both made out of different material. The Kiss† is made out of marble which is thought to be hard to break and cold. This could mean that the two people are inseparable but it’s more of lust their holding onto not love. The â€Å"LOVE† sculpture is made of steel, and each letter is connected to one another (Peterson 10-8-12). This could be thought to resemble that love cannot be separated and once you have felt it, it’s always there. This piece is also an abstract form of art and more modern the color is red and has a feeling of happiness and joy and you have the urge to feel love just by seeing it so large and up front. LOVE† has always been placed out in the open demanding attention from a lot of people to see. â€Å"The Kiss† is more of a classic form of art and has been placed in more private areas. Although it has a distressing grey color â€Å"The Kiss† has more depth; the feeling of intimacy is strong and makes a statement. There are both similarities and differences in â€Å"The Kiss† and â€Å"LOVE†. The emotion and meaning behind both are incredible, it shows and understands the meanings of love, lust, joy, and intimacy. Love can either be spelt out or expressed by action and is what both pieces show. Love can be interrupted in many ways, but there always has to be a kiss in love. Works Cited 1. ) â€Å"Love | Indianapolis Museum of Art. †Ã‚  Love | Indianapolis Museum of Art. N. p. , n. d. Web. 05 Nov. 2012. ;http://www. imamuseum. org/art/collections/artwork/love-robert-indiana;. 2. ) Mr. Peterson. â€Å"Kiss vs Love. † Scottsdale. 8 Oct. 1012. Lecture. 3. ) â€Å"Rodin’s The Kiss Sculpture. †Ã‚  Rodin’s The Kiss Sculpture. N. p. , n. d. Web. 05 Nov. 2012. http://www. vibrationdata. com/Rodin. html. How to cite Compare and Contrast, Essay examples Compare and Contrast Free Essays Compare and Contrast Basketball vs. Football Basketball and football are two popular team sports but they are different. As in different I mean shape of the ball, playing surface, number of players, and style of play and length of game. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast or any similar topic only for you Order Now The first differences between basketball and football is the shape of the ball and the playing surface. Basketballs are round and made for bouncing. Footballs are oval shaped and made for flying in the air. They both are leather balls. Basketball can be played in a gym or an outside court during hot, warm and cold weather. Football is played in a field during warm, cold hot or rainy weather. The second differences between basketball and football are the number of players and style of play. When playing Basketball  there are only five players on the court at one time, but football teams play with 11 at a time. Basketball teams usually have between 12 and 15 players on the roster, but football teams can range from 50 players in professional play to 85 players in college games. Basketball and football have different styles of play based on the rules. In Basketball there are 2 or 3 point scores and it is also a no-contact game meaning if a player touches another player on the other team the wrong way they will get fouled out. Football is a contact sport meaning players get tackled. In football there is 6 points for a touchdown, 3 points for a field goal and 2 points for a safety. The third differences between basketball and football are the length of the game and the uniforms. Football games have 60 minutes of game play, but the high school football players have 48 minutes a game. Basketball games plays 48-minute a game. Football and basketball games have many pauses for timeouts, fouls, penalties and halftime, meaning each game can last longer than the game is played. Basketball uniforms are just jersey, shorts and gym shoes. Football uniform is much more complicated they wear shoulder pads, knee pads, helmets, cleats and a jersey. How to cite Compare and Contrast, Papers Compare and Contrast Free Essays When you love somebody you experience a full range of feelings such as tenderness and anger, calmness and annoyance, jealousy or despair. All these feeling running through your body that you have difficulties controlling them. Everything was great just the other day, and them in moments it all turns a mess. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast or any similar topic only for you Order Now The churning feeling in your stomach makes you want to vomit, but you hold it in as you just want to scream for help. You adrenaline is rushing faster and faster and you just want to end the relationship right there, but with just a pause you remember how happy you are because of your love. Although riding a roller coaster is nothing like falling in love with somebody, these two separately different things alone can become similar if you break it down into a metaphorical way. With starts and stops at every bump and hump, and the tickling feeling in your nerves makes the ride even better. Both can cause you to feel risk and fear which casues your heart to beat even faster. Everyone feels the adrenaline rush as they reach the top of the first hump on the roller coaster. You are nearly wetting your pants as you can see the whole amusement park from the top. There, in those fractions of seconds you are pulled with a tremendous force down from the track as if you just let everything go and are now free falling to the ground. You feel the release of tension as if you just told someone you loved them for the very first time. At first glance people would not consider riding a roller coaster and loving somebody very similar. Loving somebody is an indescribable emotion that makes you feel great inside while riding a roller coaster is a ride you go on with your friends to feel the crazy adrenaline rush. There is not way that these things alone can be similar, but if you picture riding a roller coaster and loving somebody in a metaphorical way it is much easier to see the comparison. After those powerful words of â€Å"I love you† are hope to hear it said back to you. Sometimes there is a long pause before that happens, and in those matter of seconds, you could feel just as if you were approaching the top of the roller coaster. Eventually when those words are spoken right back to you, the biggest smile will light up the town. The joy that someone loves you just the way you are will be the most over joyous feeling you will ever ncounter. You will want to hear it all the time. Until that one day where is starts to go downhill. Even though riding a roller coaster and loving somebody can be exciting all the time, but after the third or fourth time riding the roller coaster you tend to lose your excitement. Loving someone in contrast is totally different. You are constantly facing new challenges and new areas in which you and your partner grow to become a better couple. Each step is exciting and new, and unlike a roller coaster you will never lose that excitement if you love the special somebody. But from another prospective roller coaster doesn’t impose on you any obligations and you are free to do what you want. Now, you are free to choose what it is better for you riding a roller coaster or loving somebody, because both alternatives can provide you strong feelings while crossing a steep and dangerous either falling or rising with fastening heart beating. Riding a roller coaster can have its many ups and downs, so can loving someone. Each hump you encounter could have a twist in it, or a loopy de loop. You will never know what you will experience, but that it what makes it so much more thrilling. It is always going to be a wild ride, but as long as you have someone there with you to help you when you are feeling scared, you will be fine. People wait for roller coasters as others wait for love. Both can take a very long time. In order to wait through the long lines you need to be patient. Being patient can be a really great thing. In the end it will be worth it! In comparison, waiting for that special someone in your life can be a great thing. At times it may be boring and hopeless, but once you see the gates and are ready to enter them you will be ready. Both you and your loved one will enter the gates as if you were entering the roller coaster. Both will feel every jerk and twist, and both going through the ups and downs. In contrast to two very similar things, roller coasters and loving someone can be very different. Sometimes loving someone is not as fun as riding a roller coaster. Too big of a hump scared the other one away causing you to not find it as thrilling as everyone else does. The thrill of love causes you to never want to experience love again. Also, riding roller coasters may not be thrilling to some people. Sometimes people are too scared to be stuck at the top as if they were in a rough patch in their relationship. They do not want to experience that feeling, so they just watch as their friends have the best time of their life. Overall, roller coasters and loving somebody are very similar. Both have their ups and downs while feeling every jerk and twist there is. Both are a wild ride that leaves everyone wanting to come back for another run. From everyone talking about, people wait for the ride of their lifetime. Sometimes this wait can be a long time, but they know it will be worth it. Everyone’s roller coaster is different. Some people think that a big roller coaster is too scary for them, and they feel the need to sit out as their friends have the best time of their life. Other people feel the need to ride the roller coaster so many times that it becomes boring to the. These people will not experience the thrill as everyone else. They want to find the girl that meets every one of their expectations. When in reality not everyone is perfect, and every roller coaster is not perfect. Sometimes their our sudden stops and little problems, but in the end the roller coaster will be the best time of your life. How to cite Compare and Contrast, Papers Compare and Contrast Free Essays Compare and Contrast Essay Julia Krulee COM/155 August 27, 2012 Denise Evans Wendy’s and Subway While Wendy’s and Subway are both popular fast food restaurants, Subway has more to offer in terms of healthy eating, cost savings, and environmental friendliness. During my work week, I take a daily hour lunch break, mostly to walk around and breath in some fresh air before going back to finish my day. My usual scenery is long lines in every fast food restaurant drive through, and who is not in a line is fighting to get in one; to chow down on a quick cheap meal before rushing back to his/her busy life. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast or any similar topic only for you Order Now Eating on the run is appealing, however, there is more to consider when choosing where to eat than just time and money. People have time constraints which make eating on the run a necessity; but there is an element of laziness to prepare large quantities to freeze and eat later. It does take some time and effort to save money and eat healthy, learning how to properly store foods to eat later. The best teacher for this type of preparation is grandma or grandpa, especially those who have been through the great depression where no food would go to waste. Spending an hour in a fast food restaurant for one meal is about the time it would take to go to the grocery store and purchase ingredients to cook five days’ worth of meals to heat and eat. Cooking is time consuming and not every household has an employable chef at standby. Career obligations, children’s activities, leave no time to cook healthy meals. Where we choose to eat if no other alternative is available can make quite a difference in overall health and weight. Looking further, fast food can fulfill our daily caloric needs, but it can easily contain hidden ingredients and substances that have been known to cause serious health problems. For example, many of the fried foods offered contain high levels of trans-fats and sugar that play a large role in obesity and diabetes. Obviously, Subway and Wendy’s understands the importance of healthy options and have included them in their menus. For example, both have fresh alternatives to tempting fried greasy foods; and offer chef alads and fresh ingredients in ways to satisfy even the most stubborn appetite; with the addition of well- seasoned grilled foods versus greasy unhealthy fried foods. Wendy’s is the only fast food restaurant to offer a baked potato as an alternative to french-fries, whereas Subway does not and offers potato chips. A study done in 2007 by Pilar Guallar-Castillon at the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition concluded that was up 27. % in men and 27. 7% in women, where consumption of fried food was positively associated with general central obesity1. On June 4, 2012, The American Heart Association announces its latest certification program to encourage people to think â€Å"heart-healthy† when they choose to eat outside of their home, the Heart-Check Meal Certification2. The red-and-white checkmark is widely recognized as a trusted source by consumers when choosing to purchase healthier foods in supermarkets. SUBWAY ® restaurants is the first fast food franchise to apply and meet the nutritional criteria required to certify meals and display the Heart-Check on a variety of cost effective menu options2. Although, many of us feel nutrition is important to staying physically healthy, cost savings when choosing to eat outside the home is equally important. Subway and Wendy’s offer a â€Å"Dollar Menu† for cost savings, however, Subway allows the customer to customize the food they eat, whereas Wendy’s only allows the customer to order from a numbered menu with little choices to customize. I have purchased food from a dollar menu at fast food restaurants on many occasions for my children, and watched as they dissected and discarded some of the food before they ate because they did not like a specific ingredient that could not be removed prior to purchase. As small as it sounds, I for one, do not like throwing away anything I purchase because I simply do not have money to waste. Subway allows the consumer to stand and watch how his/her food is being prepared through a glass window and choosing what fresh ingredients is added. Wendy’s has private kitchens where most food is made in advance, packaged in plastic containers and stored in a large refrigerator until purchased. Being confident that your hard earned money is not being used to purchase prepackaged unhealthy foods is also a nice touch. Subway offers a saving club in form of a â€Å"Subway Card†, where consumers earn points with each purchase, and the accumulated points can earn additional discounts and savings. Wendy’s offers coupons and weekly specials, however, no other cost savings are offered. Additionally, focusing on physical and financial aspects of fast food dining is important, but the environment is suffering because of excessive garbage and the need to recycle. Wendy’s uses non-recyclable, non-biodegradable packaging materials and most of those used materials do not end up in proper disposal containers and contribute to most of our litter we see on the streets, sidewalks, and public parks that contributes to a messy, unkempt, and unclean environment. Subway’s salad bowls – and lids – are now made from 95 percent post-consumer recycled (PCR) materials; predominantly from plastic soda and water bottles. By using the 95% PCR, the SUBWAY ® brand is keeping 2. 62 million pounds of plastic from hitting the landfills, which represents about 500,000 gallons, or 10,000 barrels, of petroleum needed to make the plastic bowls and lids. SUBWAY ® brand is partnering with The Nature Conservancy, the world’s leading conservation organization (nature. org), to help raise awareness and encourage people to get involved and help create a healthier environment with the use of recyclable materials3. The Nature Conservancy (nature. rg) is a non-profit organization founded in 1951 dedicated to the conservation and public awareness of our environment. In conclusion, although fast food restaurants are offering the same idea, fast food on the run, not all restaurants consider the impact of health, cost, and environmentally friendliness. If more restaurants would follow the same guidelines as Subway, obesity, our economy, and our environment will improve with time. Admittedly, I do eat at fast foo d restaurants but choose to eat at one that has more to offer in the way of a healthy, cost effective, and better for the environment. All people and businesses must to their part to help improve the environment starting by offering and using less harmful packaging. Furthermore, obesity is on the rise and maintaining proper health and nutrition by choosing a health conscious meal is better for us and our children. If more people would stop eating at restaurants because they lack nutritional and environmental benefits more restaurants would adopt the mindset making for a healthier and cleaner environment. References 1. Am J Clin Nuttr 2007;86:198-205. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2. American Heart Association 3. Nature Conservancy, www. nature. org How to cite Compare and Contrast, Essay examples

Community Building with Suicidal Behavior Essay Example For Students

Community Building with Suicidal Behavior Essay MBA Organizational Behaviour and Design Paper on:Human beings have psychological, ethical, and spiritualneedsthattranscend the normal liberal agenda. Liberals have tended tofocusexclusively on economic entitlements and political rights. But most peopleneed something more: We need to be part of loving families and ethicallyand spiritually grounded communities that provide a meaning for our livesthat transcends the individualism and me-firstism of the competitivesociety. People constantly experience emotions, yet in organizational theory, as inorganizational life, the exploration of emotionshasbeenlargelydeemphasized, marginalized, or ignored. Impersonal criteria for makingdecisions and restraints on emotional expression at work have long been thehallmarks of bureaucracy (e.g., Weber, 1946, 1981). Recent work has brokenthis emotional taboo, exploring how certain organizations require theexpression of particular emotions at work to maximize organizationalproductivity, an aspect of job performance that has been labeled emotionallabor (Hochschild, 1983). The process of organizing requires the coordination of employees behavior. Because coordination may be imperfect:(1) Direct and fully obtrusive:such as giving orders, surveillance, and rules. (2) Bureaucratic and somewhat less obtrusive: such as division of labor andhierarchy; and(3) Fully unobtrusive control of the cognitive premises underlying action:in which the employee voluntarily restricts the range ofbehaviorsconsidered appropriate. Focus on EmotionsTraditional bureaucratic, normative, and feminist organizations differregarding theirorientationstowardemotionalissues.Traditionalbureaucratic organizations echo Weber in emphasizing control by impartialand impersonal rules that eschew the personal favoritism that can come withindividuating solutions to problems (e.g., Hellriegel and Slocum, 1979). Traditional bureaucracies also attempt to keep the public domain of workand the private domain of personal and family life separate, so that if anemployee experiences difficulties balancing work and familydemands,responsibility for the problem and the solution lies with the individualemployee, not the employing firm. Robert Weisberg, 2003) offered a modification of the feminist position onthese emotional issues. They introduced bounded emotionality as a limitedand pragmatic approach totheproblemofemotionalcontrolinorganizations, for a different formulation of bounded emotionality. asfeelings,sensations,andaffectiveresponsestoorganizationalsituations, although the acknowledged that such work feelings stem fromand affect emotions arising from ones personal history and home life. Bounded emotionality encourages the expression of a wider range of emotionsthan is usually condoned in traditional and normative organizations, whilestressing the importance of maintaining interpersonally sensitive, variableboundaries between what is felt and what is expressed. Bounded emotionalityhas six defining characteristics: inter-subjective limitations, emergent(rather than organizationally ascribed) feelings, tolerance of ambiguity,heterarchy of goals and values, integrated self-identity, and communitybuilding. Empowerment has emerged as a conceptual paradigm to guide theory, old andcurrent research, and practice in community psychology (Rappaport, 1981;Swift Levin, 1987). Community psychologists have been in the forefront inarticulating and evaluating collaborative processes designed tohelphistorically disenfranchised groups access health, mental health, and otherresources. The intent of these interventions is to create a psychologicalsense of community that can break the cycle of oppression. Lesbians and gaymen are a substantial population which has been historically marginalizedby law, social policies, and social custom. However, the concerns oflesbians and gay men have remained largely invisibleincommunitypsychology. For instance, a review of community psychology journals between1965 and 1985 revealed four papers on lesbian and gay topics. These studiesfound that lesbians and gay men are underserved in mental health, socialservice, and health care settings. More recent reports describe socialsupport systems in university communities (DAugelli, 1989a; Edelman, 1986)and rural settings (DAugelli, Collins Hart, 1987; DAugelli ; Hart,1987), and the impact of the HIV epidemic on gay male communities (Martin,Dean, Garcia ; Hall, 1989). The career counseling needs of battered women vary across settings, overtime, and with their individual experiences of domestic abuse, challengingcounselors to accurately assess their needs and to balance immediate andshort-term safety needs with longer term career and educational pursuits. cave of stars Essay . Caring for the Community: Mental Health and Health Enhancement:Building and establishing lesbian and gays professional health-related organization to provide supporttolesbianandgaypractitioners (youth and older). . Confronting the HIV/AIDS Crisis: confrontattitudes,developprograms, and challenge political roadblocks, prevention of furtherHIV infections, development and expansion of AIDS prevention models,and research and education to address AIDS-related stigma and anti-gayattitudes. . Promotion of Civil Rights: further researchdocumentingtheinequities in civil rights experienced by lesbians and gay men;promotion of public and organizational policies that provide legalprotection and nondiscrimination and fosterlegalrecognition;research focused on the impact of social, legal and politicalinfluences on lesbian and gay lives (e.g., effectsofanti-discrimination legislation or the restrictiveness of child custodylegislation); and development of information programs onanti-discrimination policies and on legal rights for dissemination to thelesbian and gay communities on both local and national levels. . Gay Bar Scene gay bars have functioned as a haven for them to meetnew friends and sex partners. . Homophobia Homophobia is defined as the irrational fear of people andthings related to lesbians and gay men (Weinberg, 1972), and it havetwo kinds:1. Externalized homophobia: comes from the heterosexual communitywho dislikes or fear homosexuals. Conversely,2. Internalized homophobia comes from within the lesbian or gayman. . Childhood Sexual Abuse (CSA): Sexual abuse is defined as any unwanted sexual experience , and substance abuse may become a strategy used by childhood sexual victims to cope with their pain. . HIV/AIDS and Alcohol Effects: The experience of losing friends to AIDS leads many lesbians and gay men to worry constantly about their own health and the health of their friends and their lovers, and thus, Because alcohol and drugs may suppress the immune system, the relationship between drinking, substance abuse, and AIDS has received great attention in the gay community. . Coming-Out Process: many gay people demonstrate fears and anxieties about rejection from friends, families, and society. For many these fears and anxieties are born of actual, devastating experiences. Federal Laws:Devolp new acts aware of LGB as: . Comprehensive Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Prevention, Treatmentand Rehabilitation Act. . Human Health and Human Services Act. Confidentiality: . In order to ensure that people with substance abuse problems activelyseek mental health services without worrying about being stigmatizedor criminalized. . A clients sexual orientation, especially if a client is a gay orlesbian. Which means, keep in mind that disclosing a clients sexualorientation without the clients consent can result in devastatingconsequences. Community psychologists can fulfill that promise through applied researchand action to continue the tradition of empowerment started by members oflesbian and gay communities. The complex influences of history, law, andsocial policy on the psychological adjustment and community life oflesbians and gay men in different communities provide rich opportunitiesfor community psychologists. Graduate training in community psychology mustincorporate a focus on lesbian and gay communities to take advantage ofthese opportunities. Training a new generation of community psychologistsby involving them in the pressing problems of lesbian and gay life is thebest approach to ending the invisibility of lesbians and gay men incommunity psychology. Community psychologists have much to give to lesbianand gay communities in their continuing struggle to create a place forthemselves in the whole world society. Community Building with Suicidal BehaviourIntroduction:CONTROL IN THREE IDEAL TYPES OF ORGANIZATIONSBounded EmotionalityEmpowering lesbian and gay communities (Historical Background):EMPOWERMENI AND Social Cognitive Carrier Theory SCCT (Krista M. Chronister,Ellen Hawley Mcwhirter, 2003):Empowerment is defined as the process by which people, organizations, orgroups who is powerless or marginalized:ONGOING BARRIERS TO PERSONAL, FAMILY AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT:FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO LESBIANS AND GAY MENS SUBSTANCE ABUSE PROBLEMS:(Zhankun Cheng, 2003):STANDARDS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR COUNSELING PRACTICES (Riggar, 2003):Conclusion:

Reading, Writing, And Walking With God Essays - Fear And Trembling

Reading, Writing, And Walking With God I love God. With my entire heart I burn for him. As a freshman in high school He called me, not with words or anything audible, but by his mere presence; a holy desire within my spirit that wants to love his people, and bring them into a romantic love-relationship with Him. The calling was as a whisper at first, just a small urge, almost a whim, but now it has grown into a war cry that rages in my soul. Im not sure exactly how literature has affected that, well secular literature; the main influence on my faith has definitely been the Bible. When I was fourteen my pastor said on a Sunday morning, Work out your own salvation with fear and trembling. (Philippians 2:12) Dont believe it because I say it, your parents say it, or your friends say it, GET INTO THE WORD AND WORK IT OUT! So I did. I read the whole thing, all of it, in a year and a half. I learned a lot during that time, and my faith was greatly influenced and my convictions were shaped. I know I subconsciously and even consciously picked out in my mind the things I personally found important to hold on to. Nevertheless I developed a great respect for the Bible and everything it says, and I agree with Gallagher and Lundin that the Bible should be viewed as literature to be best understood. Robert Altar and Frank Kermode offer a new view of the Bible as a work of great literary force and authority. They even claim that litera ry analysis must come first before all other uses of the Bible. Without prior literary analysis, the other ways of using the Bible will be hopelessly misguided, for unless we have a sound understanding of how the text fits together as a literary work, it will not be of much value in other respects (Gallagher and Lundin, 66) I have always enjoyed reading because I am an imaginative person. I will refuse to watch a movie if I have already read the book because I like the way I have it imagined, and I feel the same way about our textbook. I prefer not to read Bedfords comments after the stories in the text, because I would rather not listen when someone else is telling me what I should think as opposed to my own imagination. Although I Keeter 2 do enjoy reading; I must confess that it is not a hobby of mine. As a matter of fact, I dont read much at all, other than for classes. Perhaps that is because I am too busy or just distracted. Ive never considered the idea of literature in relation to my faith until I began this class, but I believe it is important, no, vital in helping us to love God with entirety. I believe that to love God with all my heart, soul, and mind, means that my mind should be open to all knowledge, giving me more to offer to Him, and more for Him to use in doing His work. However, not all literature is useful for all purposes. We can use many works of literature for multiple purposes; others may serve only one. Some texts teach, others amuse, others give us joy in the gifts of God. All provide various ways to participate in Gods world. (Gallagher and Lundin, xxvi / introduction) When anything is written, the author puts part of himself/herself into it. Literature is therefore a reflection of life, illustrating some aspect of it. And whether or not the story is true, we may still learn valuable lessons from it. Reading literature allows us take in an extra bit of life, and will help us to live our lives to the fullest. So when I read, it does affect my walk with God. What I read may not impact my beliefs, faith or convictions, but it will give me understanding, appreciation, and knowledge. This knowledge will make me into a better, more well rounded person, and it will equip me with even more to give to my Father in heaven. One question that drives me into

Essay about social media

Essay about social media Essay about social media Who Gains the Most According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), â€Å"one-third of U.S. adults (35.7%) and approximately 17% (or 12.5 million) of children and adolescents aged 2- 19 years are obese.† Life could not get easier for the human race with remote controls, cellphones, and fast food only a call away. We wonder why the population is growing, to the sides. We are living in a world where social media is everything. You get home from a long day of work, turn on the television and commercial after commercial we see fast food, candy, junk food and alcoholic beverages. When we drive we see food billboards, we see food ads on our electronic devices. We are surrounded by ads of food and everything seems too come to easy. People to walk to work anymore, families eat out and dine in less often and no one seems to have time to be physically activities. We are surrounded by a busy world, with work, kids, or school most of us fail to see the importance of living a healthy lifestyle. Social media tries to imply that thinness is beauty, that one must be beautiful. We get so caught up in trying the quickest fad diet and the latest Dr. Oz product that we do not concentrate on what is truly good for our bodies. For fifteen seasons the show, The Biggest Loser, has been aired on NBC to try and promote healthy lifestyles. The show debuted on NBC October 19, 2004 with TV ratings of 10.3 million. The Biggest Loser is committed to fighting this epidemic of overweight America. This show had online sources of support; the show features ideas on losing weight and most of all staying healthy. The Biggest Loser is a source of inspiration to live a healthy lifestyle, featured are overweight and obese contestants who change their lifestyles and work hard to lose weight. The Biggest Essay about Social Media Essay about Social Media In my opinion, I feel that parents should be able to access their teenagers Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram. I don’t feel that it’s an invasion of their privacy, it’s is just to keep parents informed about activity that includes their child, behavior, and also to understand their feelings. At first, you may feel that allowing you teen to have a profile on a social network is ok, which it may, but it’s the activity they are uploading and posting onto their pages. You have to think, if you asked your teen/teens right now if you could view their profiles, would they say Yes or No? If yes, you most likely won’t have any problems, because your teen trusts you enough to let you view their profile. If they say no, because it’s† none of your business† you should have questions in your head such as, â€Å"What are you hiding†, â€Å"What business involving you that I don’t need to know about†, etc. You should know what ’s going on in your teen’s life. Teens are being influenced into doing drugs and more. Cyber-bullying, physical bullying and also verbal bullying may exist in their life. If you teen was being bullied and only expressed their feelings through that a social network would you even know about before it’s too late? For example, It has been about 5 years and your teen has been speaking his/her mind though a social network all this time and he/she is sick of expressing their feeling though that webpage because no action is being done and no matter how many friends have been unfriended, followers have been blocked or reported they still somehow have to face that person. Either on the internet or real life. They just want it to end. You on the other hand, is not even aware of all this, he/she may wear a smile and you think it’s all cool, but is that really what they’re feeling†¦ When they finally end it doesn’t be the one with the questions be the one with the answers. Bullying is not only the common situation teens run into. Some teens associate themselves with gang activity. Your child’s life is on the line at all times. Which means your child could lose their life at anytime. Parents be observant. Furthermore, you may not know that you teen is showing behavior through the internet that you don’t approve of. Such as, indecent exposure, throwing gang sign, and attempting improper acts. Your children may be taking inappropriate pictures and posting it onto their web pages. Is your child really safe? Did you know, strangers can disguise themselves to make it seem like they are your son/daughters friend or people that they associate with, so your teen can allow them to have the ability to see their profiles. Now that they can see their profile, they are just waiting for your child to post the right information they need (if they haven’t already) to proceed. Many teens face popularity decline, teen post these pictures to â€Å"fit in† when really it’s putting their life on the line. Once

Self Portrait Journal of Rembrandt Research Paper

Self Portrait Journal of Rembrandt - Research Paper Example In 1659, I painted my self-portrait, following the struggles of the financial crisis, after years of success as an artist. The main reasons for the self-portrait and the choice of the art type had a lot to show about my experiences, and pointed to a change of subject, from those reflected in previous works. In order to understand the reasons for painting the self-portrait, it is important to note the events of my life that had come before the painting of the work. After years of success as a writer, I suffered a financial crisis and failure, and the painting was the reassurance that I needed for myself, and also one that would keep the faith of my audiences high. After losing a house and other valuable properties through an auction, I painted a self-portrait looking into the eyes of the viewer, as an expression of dignity and strength, despite the loss. Further, as a person, I felt that I needed to reassure myself through the painting that I still had the strength and the dignity that I needed to remain relevant in the area of art. In the self-portrait, the illumination of the head and the shoulder was intentional. It was meant to show a posture of confidence and power, in the eyes of all viewers and among my peers in the field of art. The appearance of clasped hands was another indicator of the poise that I still commanded in the field of art and in other circles as well. Further, the self-portrait drew a lot from the inspiration of a portrait done earlier in Balthasar Castiglione, which was also an expression of a highly experienced painter. Through the quality and the poise of the figure in the painting, I wanted to project the aptitude of a highly experienced and learned painter.

Felony Criminal Charge Procedure Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Felony Criminal Charge Procedure - Term Paper Example This essay will be focussed on the criminal procedures stages that are common among the two level of government in bringing felony suspects to justice. It will make an in-depth discussion of the process right from the initial stage of the investigation until sentence of the case is determined (Moak & Carlson, 2012). A criminal case is essentially one that an individual is accused of causing harm or destruction to the general society through one or more of his actions. They usually take two forms either misdemeanour or felony charges (McCord, McCord, & Bailey, 2012). A misdemeanour is a less serious case and thus magistrate judges handle it. Often it is punishable by a fine of less than one year imprisonment in jail. On the other hand, felonies are perceived to be more grievous cases that require more attention. They are usually handled by district judges in district courts. These crimes are punishable of incarceration in state correction centres (Champion, 1988). A felony charge is committed when an individual acts in a manner that contravenes the state or federal laws thus causing harm or destruction to the general public. A suspect of a felony charge may be arrested depending on the scenario (Moak & Carlson, 2012). First an individual can be arrested by police responding to a reported crime if he/she around the crime scene where the incidence has been reported, alternatively after a crime has been reported police will commence investigations to determine the perpetrators. In the process of piecing together the available evidence an individual may be implicated by either the fingerprints, which were found at the scene of the crime, DNA samples found at the crime scene or CCTV footage of the premise where the crime occurred. In the first scenario the suspect is arrested, the police officer responsible for the arrest signs a sworn affidavit and complaint sheet that

Preventing Harm From Deterioration In Patients Nursing Essay

Preventing Harm From Deterioration In Patients Nursing Essay This study will discuss what a nurse needs to know in relation to identifying and preventing harm from deterioration in patients in a hospital ward setting. A review of current literature will be carried out in order to find the best available evidence on the subject. The key issues arising from the literature will be critically analysed to provide a balanced and objective consideration of the strengths and limitations of current practice in relation to the recognition and communication of patient deterioration. Finally the study will use the evidence to attempt to make recommendations for practice in this area and discuss the nurses role in the development of the new practices which could enhance the management of patient deterioration and ultimately ensure safer care for patients. Rationale for Subject Choice As a student nurse about to become a registered and accountable practitioner, one of my main concerns is that I have the knowledge and skills to recognise deterioration in the condition of my patients and the ability to communicate my concerns effectively to ensure they are seen promptly by a more senior clinician and any further decline is prevented. Therefore my rationale for choosing to study this topic was to try to find evidence which would support me in contributing to safer care of acutely ill patients. Background The increasing complexity of healthcare, an ageing population and shorter length of stay, means that hospital patients today need a higher level of care than ever before. Therefore, it is essential that hospital staff are equipped to recognise and manage deterioration (Department of Health 2009). Many patients who experience cardiopulmonary arrest show signs of deterioration for more than 24 hours before arrest, and it has been estimated that approximately 23,000 in-hospital cardiac arrests in the United Kingdom (UK) could be avoided each year with better care (Smith et al 2006). Furthermore, evidence has shown that delays in recognising deterioration or inappropriate management can result in late treatment, avoidable admissions to intensive care and in some cases, unnecessary deaths National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death (NCEPOD) (2005) National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) (2007) (2007a). These studies highlighted the magnitude of the problem in the UK, they s howed that hospital staff do not understand the disturbances in physiology affecting the sick patient, they frequently ignore signs of clinical deterioration and lack skills in the implementation of oxygen therapy, assessment of respiration and management of fluid balance NPSA (2007) (2007a). NCEPOD (2005) reported that approximately 50% of ward based patients receive substandard care prior to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, and 21-41% of ICU admissions are potentially avoidable. Analysis of 425 deaths that occurred in general acute hospitals in England showed that 64 deaths occurred as a result of patient deterioration not being recognised due to observations not being undertaken for a prolonged period leading to changes in vital signs not being detected, and delay in patients receiving medical attention even when deterioration was detected (NPSA 2007). Despite considerable economic investment there is continued evidence of suboptimal care and the Department of Health (DoH) (2 009) have acknowledged that the recognition and management of acutely ill patients need attention. They say there are many factors influencing a patients ability to receive appropriate and timely care including the failure to seek advice, poor communication between professional groups, and a lack of clinical supervision for staff in training (DoH 2009). The following literature review will attempt to find evidence of the factors which contribute to sub optimal treatment of deterioration. Literature Review A literature search was undertaken using the electronic databases CINAHL, ESCBO host, Internurse, Medline, Science Direct and Swetswise through the Liverpool John Moores University search engine, and also the British Nursing Index via Ovid using the Royal College of Nursing search engine. The keywords used were: deterioration, hospital deterioration, communication of deterioration and early warning systems. A total of thirteen articles were found to be of use, two of these were published outside the UK (Australia and Italy) however after reading them it was decided that the evidence was relevant and they were deemed appropriate for use. As the study developed a further search was performed using the terms deterioration tools, communication tools, SBAR and RSVP communication tool two articles from this subsequent search were used in this study. Additionally and as mentioned above useful references were also sought from the Department of Health, the National Patient Safety Agency, the National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcomes and Death, and the National Institute of Clinical Excellence. The search revealed the topic had been fairly well researched, especially in recent years and the articles seemed to have stemmed from the reports by NPSA (2007) (2007a) and NICE (2007). Smith (2010) recently proposed a Chain of Prevention to assist hospitals in structuring their care processes to prevent and detect patient deterioration and cardiac arrest. The five rings of the chain represent staff education, monitoring, recognition, the call for help and the response and it was found that the themes of education, and recognition were well documented in the literature. Nurse Education Preston and Flynn (2010) say in order to avoid unrecognised patient deterioration and therefore enhance patient safety nurses must review their knowledge and skills in measuring the physiological parameters of temperature, blood pressure, blood glucose levels, oxygen saturation levels, and neurological function, and in particular identified the respiratory rate as a particularly sensitive indicator of clinical decline. In addition nurses also need to recognise the significance of physiological compensatory mechanisms that are activated in clinical deterioration, so they can report their findings accurately and with confidence to doctors and senior staff. Steen (2010) agrees that nurses require the knowledge and skills to be able to provide critical care in the general ward setting, as accurate assessment using a systematic approach can aid timely detection and intervention and can help to stabilise the individuals condition preventing organ dysfunction, multi organ failure and furthe r deterioration, thus reducing morbidity and mortality rates and admission to ICU. However, Odell, Victor and Oliver (2009) feel that recognising deterioration of a ward patient and referring to critical care teams is a highly complex process, requiring skill, experience, and confidence. Preston and Flynn (2010) suggest that nurses can be helped to develop these skills by attending the Advanced Life Threatening Events Recognition and Treatment (ALERT) course, they considered the possibility of nurses undertaking the ALERT course whilst a student, they say this will help newly qualified nurses to promote their skills, abilities and rationale for recognizing and responding to patient deterioration. They also recommend the further development of acute illness simulation programmes in both pre and post registration courses to help nurses to become more confident and expert in responding and reporting acute illness to medical and more senior staff. They say what is needed is a closer col laboration between education and health service partners to deliver these programmes and competent clinical teaching staff to facilitate these simulated exercises in a safe environment that utilises accurate patient scenarios, equipment and charts that are currently used in practice (Preston and Flynn 2009). Monitoring Accurate monitoring of patient condition featured highly in the literature. The NPSA (2007) revealed that in 14 of the 64 incident reports they studied, no observations had been made for a prolonged period before the patient died therefore vital signs such as blood pressure, pulse and respirations were not detected. But the literature revealed the crucial importance of regular observations in the recognition of deteriorating patients. Preston and Flynn (2010) said doing the observations is crucial for detecting early signs of deterioration in acute care as closely monitoring changes in physiological observations can identify abnormalities before a serious adverse event occurs. Early identification is important to reduce mortality, morbidity, length of stay in hospital and associated healthcare costs (NICE 2007). Preston and Flynn (2010) also stipulated that close supervision of unqualified nursing staff doing the observations in acute care should be a high priority and should follow both the NICE (2007) guidelines and recommendations from the NSPA (2007) (2007a). However following an observation of care by Morris (2010) an issue was identified where observations were incomplete, with recording of respiratory rate and oxygen saturations omitted and although an early warning score chart had been used, a score had not been recorded (Morris 2010). Recognition The importance of nurses utilising an early warning system was highlighted. Cei, Bartolomei and Mumoli (2009) say using the Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) when recording patient observations is a simple but highly useful tool to predict a worse in-hospital outcome and aid identification of patients at risk of clinical adverse events such as cardiac arrest, sepsis and raised intracranial pressure. Nonetheless a study by Donohue and Endacott (2010) revealed that participants did not look for trends in the MEWS data and few used MEWS data in the manner it was intended i.e. it was used to confirm whether the patient met the trigger criteria, rather than as a routine component of assessment, the study found that MEWS was used infrequently, used too late and not employed to communicate patient deterioration. Mohammed, Hayton, Clements, Smith, and Prytherch (2009) felt the significant advantage of an early warning or track and trigger system like MEWS was that they use a visual scale t hat gives a score if a physiological recording enters a colour zone. But they found that there are disadvantages to using these systems in practice if nurses add up the scores incorrectly. In their study (Mohammed at al 2009) found that calculating scores could be improved by using a handheld computer and this approach was more accurate, efficient and acceptable to nurses than using the traditional pen and paper methods in acute care. The Department of Health (2009) say early warning systems play a key role in the detection of deteriorating patients; however, clinicians need to be aware that in some clinical situations these systems will not reflect clinical urgency (Department of Health 2009) and effective assessment skills must be employed. Call for Help and Response The NPSA (2007) report revealed that in 30 of the 64 incident reports they audited, despite recording vital signs, the importance of the clinical deterioration had not been recognised and/or no action had been taken other than the recording of observations (NPSA 2007). This could be due to ineffective communication of the deterioration. The literature review showed that communication of deterioration was a more recently well documented subject. Steen (2010) Tait (2010) feel that a vital component of the management of the acutely ill patient is the ability to communicate clearly and precisely with all members of the multidisciplinary team to aid timely and appropriate help and intervention for the patient. Still there is much evidence of communication breakdown between disciplines, Beaumont (2008) states communication between medical and nursing staff can be problematic, nurses may not communicate clearly enough and struggle to convey information in a manner that would convince doctor s of the urgency of the situation, sometimes there is failure by doctors to perceive, understand or accept the source of nurses clinical and professional judgement, less experienced nursing staff might not feel comfortable or confident to call more senior staff because they fear doing the wrong thing or crossing occupational and hierarchical boundaries. These problems can result in conflict between professional groups as they attempt to work towards positive outcomes and may prevent patients from receiving assistance and support when required (Beaumont 2008). Endacott, Kidd, Chaboyer and Edington (2007) agree that formal divisions of labour and professional boundaries can cause gaps or discontinuities in patient care and feel communication between clinicians must improve. Donahue and Endacott (2010) say the failure of nurses to recruit senior support to deal with acutely ill patients is a contributing factor to the sub-optimal care of critically ill patient, it may be due to a lack of experience or knowledge on the part of the doctor but may equally be due to the nurses inability to articulate the seriousness of the situation. Their data identified that nurses have an awareness of the need for a succinct story but they continue to make calls for assistance with little relevant information (Donohue and Endacott 2010). As stated above suboptimal communication between health professionals has been recognised as a significant causative factor in incidents compromising patient safety and the use of a structured method of communication has been suggested to improve the quality of information exchange (Marshall, Harrison and Flanagan 2009). A number of communication tools are available; some hospitals use the SBAR (situation, background, assessment, recommendation) tool to structure conversations between members of the multidisciplinary team, which uses standardised questions to prompt the conveyor of information to share the necessary details (Steen 2010). In a simulated clinical scenario Marshall et al (2009) described the positive effect of this method on students ability to communicate clear telephone referrals. However, Featherstone, Chalmers and Smith (2008) feel that SBAR is not a memorable acronym and they prefer the use of the RSVP (Reason, Story, Vital Signs, Plan) system used in the ALERT cou rse as framework for the communication of deterioration, the authors say SBAR does not easily slip off the tongue, and RSVP is much easier to remember in an emergency. They say the reason for the call can be explained in clear simple language, and the story gives a time line of important events, they feel nurses will be familiar with a narrative style of communication and are used to giving a brief summary as part of the handover process. The vital signs must be given in figures, and can include the early warning score, or summarized in words that convey the deterioration effectively and the plan for the patient should be outlined by the caller or expected from the receiver (Featherstone et al 2008). Smith (2010) says the use of standardised method of communication, such as the RSVP system will improve communication about patient decline. Recommendations for Practice Constant change within the National Health Service is essential to advance care quality and ensure the provision patient focused care that is evidenced based. Ensuring the latest and best available evidence is put into practice is a is a crucial way of ensuring that people get the treatments and services that are the most effective and will have the best health outcomes, it ensures that the public funding that supports the NHS is used wisely and that the treatments and services offered are cost effective, and both of these factors lead to the provision of clinically effective care. Everyone involved in healthcare provision must ensure quality is enhanced and must be willing to change current practices for the benefit of patients. Nurses have a professional responsibility to keep up to date with changes and developments within their field and to deliver care based on the best available evidence or best practice (Nursing and Midwifery Council 2008). Larrabees (2009) Model for Evidence Based Practice Change suggests that there are six steps towards implementing change in practice, firstly practitioners should assess need for change in practice, and this study has found evidence which clearly points to the need for changes in practice in order to reduce avoidable harm to patients. The next steps of Larabees Model (2009) are to locate the best evidence, and critically analyse the evidence, and from the evidence found in this study it is evident there are several recommendations for changes in practice which would help nurses in acute care to develop their skills in recognising and reporting deterioration. To keep the Chain of Prevention suggested by Smith (2010) strong he suggests that staff education, monitoring, recognition, the call for help and the response must all be robust in order to prevent harm from unrecognised and unassisted illness. Recommendations to enhance these areas would be to ensure that the recognition of life threatening illness is taught from an early stage in a nurses career by attending the ALERT course earlier in their training and by the teaching of patient scenarios in the clinical area and facilitated by staff who are trained in critical care. With regards to the call for help and the response rings of the Chain of Prevention (Smith 2010), it has been shown that the use of communication tools help nurses to get an earlier response when calling for assistance, so it seems sensible to implement the standard use of a communication tool in acute care when communicating deterioration. The next step in Larabees Model for Change (2009) is to design the practice change, and it is recommended that use of the RSVP communication tool (see appendix) should become hospital protocol when calling for assistance; this is because it is easy to remember and it is used as part of the ALERT course which many acute care nurses have attended. Nurses should receive training on the use of this tool and it should be displayed near the tele phone in every acute area. In order to implement and evaluate this change, which are the next steps in the Model (Lara bee 2009) a nurse should firstly let people know about it, this can be done by using various means of communication i.e. trust intranet, ward meetings, discussion with senior nursing staff and managers. They must then get people to take on the change by involving enthusiastic team members and organising a pilot test of the use of the RSVP tool. Crucially the rate in which more senior practitioners respond must be audited find out if the tool is working in practice and if not why not, is more information or training required is the tool not displayed clearly enough. The final step of the Model for Change (Larabee 2009) is to integrate and maintain the change in practice, to do this a nurse must ensure all new staff are trained to use the system and continuously evaluate its use to ensure it is working in practice. Conclusion This study has highlighted the evidence base and resources available to support nurses in contributing to safer care of acutely ill patients it has found that in order to facilitate accurate detection of changes in condition, nurses working in acute care must acknowledge the importance of observations and early warning systems in the identification of patients at risk of adverse events and ensure patients are assessed using a sound knowledge of physiological compensatory mechanisms, to enhance this knowledge they should attend an ALERT course, the evidence pointed to nurses attending these courses early in their career and that clinical scenarios could also help increase their knowledge of acute illness. It was found that communication tools help nurses when calling for senior assistance and the implementation of a standard tool within acute hospital settings could help to prevent harm from deterioration.